Atraumatic Red Eye

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Question 1 of 10

1. Question
Which one of the following statements is true with regards to the red eye?
- The red eye is a benign condition which can be easily managed in the ED without requiring specialist input
- Patients with a red eye comprise up to 4% of all primary care consultations
- A red eye is a sign of either conjunctival, corneal or scleral inflammation
- Traumatic sub-conjunctival haemorrhage is usually included in the causes of a red eye
- The red eye is always a manifestation of a problem primarily originating within the eye
Question 2 of 10

2. Question
When considering the basic anatomy and physiology of the eye, which one of the following statements is correct?
- The canal of Schlemm is a component of the arterial supply to the anterior eye structures
- The sclera is avascular and supplied by the superfical vascular plexus in the episclera
- The iris is a component of the uveal tract
- The episclera lies between the sclera and choroid
- Aqueous humour is produced by the trabecular meshwork
Question 3 of 10

3. Question
When taking a history from a patient presenting to the ED with a red eye, which one of the following statements is correct?
- Enquiring about eye pain, photophobia or alteration of vision is unhelpful as they are common symptoms and not suggestive of a more serious cause for the problem
- Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with a higher risk of developing allergic conjunctivitis
- A patient who wears contact lenses is not at any higher risk of eye infections than one who wears glasses
- A history of recent similar symptoms in other family members is typical of episcleritis
- Taking a drug history is important as antidepressants, such as fluoxetine, may precipitate acute angle closure glaucoma
Question 4 of 10

4. Question
After taking the history, you move on to examine your patient with a red eye. Which one of the following statements is correct?
- Peripheral conjunctival injection is a typical finding in conjunctivitis
- Inflammatory cells and flare in the anterior chamber are a feature of episcleritis
- Conjunctival oedema is typically found in anterior uveitis
- The presence of pus in the anterior chamber is also known as a hyphaema
- The size, shape and reaction of the pupil are unhelpful and should not be examined as a bright light may cause discomfort
Question 5 of 10

5. Question
Having taken a history and examined your patient, you suspect that they have conjunctivitis. With regards to this problem, which one of these statements is correct?
- The vast majority of cases of conjunctivitis diagnosed in the ED have a viral aetiology
- It is easy to distinguish between viral and bacterial conjunctivitis clinically
- Chloramphenicol is more effective than fusidic acid in the treatment of conjunctivitis
- It is recommended that all contact lens wearers with infective conjunctivitis should be treated with topical antibiotics
- Eye swabs should be taken in all patients with conjunctivitis
Question 6 of 10

6. Question
The next patient you see has noticed blood in his right eye. On examination, you identify a subconjunctival haemorrhage. There is no history of direct trauma. Which one of these statements is correct with regards to this problem?
- The visual acuity is normally affected
- Checking the patient’s blood pressure is unnecessary as there is no association with hypertension
- A history of coughing or vomiting may be significant
- A topical antibiotic should be routinely prescribed as the haematoma may become infected
- The patient can be reassured as the problem will completely resolve within a couple of days
Question 7 of 10

7. Question
A 63-year-old woman is brought to the ED with an acutely painful red eye. The patient’s son has looked on the internet and is worried that his mother has acute angle closure glaucoma. Which one of the following statements is correct with regard to this condition?
- It is more common in short sighted people
- Seeing a halo around lights is a common symptom which often starts in the evening
- On examination, the pupil is usually fixed and fully dilated
- The diagnosis is usually straightforward as extra-ocular symptoms are uncommon
- If diagnosed, the pupil can be constricted immediately by instilling pilocarpine eye drops
Question 8 of 10

8. Question
A 34-year- old man presents to the ED with a red eye. Following a history and examination, you suspect he has episcleritis. Which one of the following findings has led you to this diagnosis?
- There is generalised conjunctival injection
- After instillation of fluorescein, you see a branching (dendritic) ulcer on the cornea
- The patient’s vision is reduced
- There is a blue-violet discolouration of the globe
- The inflamed blood vessels disappear after instilling phenylephrine eye drops
Question 9 of 10

9. Question
A colleague asks you how you have managed to exclude scleritis in your patient. You answer him with which one of the following statements regarding scleritis that you know to be correct?
- The pain of scleritis is unaffected by eye movements
- Scleritis is rarely associated with underlying rheumatological disease
- The eye is typically tender to the touch in scleritis
- Scleritis is a benign and a self-limiting illness
- The pain of scleritis is characteristically worse during the day
Question 10 of 10

10. Question
A 28-year-old man presents to the ED with a red eye and informs you that he has recurrent episodes of anterior uveitis. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding this problem?
- Keratitic precipitates are not found in anterior uveitis
- Iritis is a separate condition and should not be confused with anterior uveitis
- Pupillary shape and reaction are always normal in anterior uveitis
- Consensual photophobia may be found
- Synechiae are always seen

Atraumatic Red Eye – Post Test

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