Context and Definition

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary embolism (PE) form the spectrum of venous thromboembolic disorders (VTE) and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. PE, whilst it can occur de novo, is most commonly secondary to DVT.

Prevention of VTE by using effective thromboprophylaxis in patients admitted to hospital is a major healthcare priority. This aspect of VTE is not covered in this session.

The early diagnosis of DVT and PE in symptomatic patients significantly reduces adverse outcome.

The initial presentation of a DVT is usually with leg pain and/or swelling. Clearly this has a wide differential diagnosis and presents the clinician with a diagnostic challenge this challenge and the subsequent treatment of DVT is the subject of this session.

What is the definition of a DVT?

DVT is defined as the presence of a blood clot (thrombus) in the deep venous system.

DVT is common. It occurs at a rate of 100-200 per 100,000 of the general population, with 2.5 – 5% of the population being affected at some point in their lifetime. Up to 50% of DVT patients will suffer long-term consequences including chronic pain, pigmentation or ulceration.¹