Context

Testicular and scrotal pain is a common presentation to the emergency department, with a number of causes and associated pathology.

This session covers the most pertinent differentials to consider with acute testicular pain in the emergency department. Specific management points will be covered by differential as well as some general points to keep in mind.

Key differentials:

1. Torsion
2. Infection – pertinently epididymo-orchitis and synergistic gangrene (Fournier’s gangrene)
3. Trauma
4. Testicular swellings including malignancy and incarcerated hernia

Learning Bite

There are a number of differential diagnoses of testicular and scrotal pain with some time critical pathologies.