Others
Other factors linked to the development of PUD include:
- Neoplastic lesions – primary or secondary
- Autoimmune diseases – e.g. vasculitis, sarcoidosis and Crohns disease
- Viral infections – especially if immunocompromised
- Radiation damage
- Physiological Stress associated with trauma and critical illness
- Psychological Stress – accommodation in a refugee shelter was a risk factor peptic ulcer disease after a large scale disaster [30]
Learning bite
At least 20% of cases are not linked to H. Pylori, aspirin or NSAID use [28].